ABSTRACT
Background@#No previous studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the 36-item version of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) in the Persian language of Iran. This study was designed and conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Persian version using a sample of persons with multiple sclerosis in Ahvaz, Iran. @*Methods@#The methodological study was conducted in two stages: First, the 36 items of the original WHODAS 2.0 were translated to create a Persian version, after which the translation validity and psychometric properties were tested. The factor structure of the instrument was also tested using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. @*Results@#The intraclass correlation coefficients were very good to excellent, varying between 0.82 and 0.99 for the six domains, and all domains had Cronbach’s α reliability values of above 0.70. For construct validity, results showed negative and strong correlation between the total score of WHODAS 2.0 and the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54. Exploratory factor analysis divided the Persian version of WHODAS 2.0 into seven factors for multiple sclerosis patients. @*Conclusion@#The results of this study indicate that the Persian version of WHODAS 2.0 is a valid and reliable instrument to study the disabilities of people with multiple sclerosis.
ABSTRACT
Multiple sclerosis is a common and chronic neurologic disorder. This disorder imposes physical, economic, and psychosocial burden on individuals, their families and society. This study aims to analyze the costs of multiple sclerosis disease based on the severity of disability. We performed a cross-sectional cost of illness study. This study was conducted in 332 patients of Khuzestan province of Iran. Data were included: Patient's characteristics, disability status, medical, and nonmedical costs and were gathered by using the questionnaire during 3 months period. Costs analysis was performed in the basis of expanded disability status scale [EDSS]. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 18 software. Mean age of the patients was 33.5 [standard deviation [SD]: 9.1] and 70.5% of patients were female. Mean EDSS score of the patients was 2.2 [SD: 1.6]. Most patients [92.1%] had relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis [MS] form of the disease. Costs mean per patients was 8.6 +/- 7.9 million Rial. The direct and indirect costs were 93.1% and 6.9% of total costs, respectively. The major cost of the disease belongs to the pharmaceutical treatment [22% of costs]. The majority costs [approximately 62%] attributed to EDSS of 6-7 and >7. Furthermore, there was strong significant relationship between cost of illness and disability severity of patients [P < 0.05]. Cost mean per MS patients was relatively high. Furthermore, the results showed that cost of disease had positive and significant relationships with EDSS score that is, progression of disability increase costs of patients
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Family is primary source for caring of patients. The caregivers make patients in family with economical, affective and health care support
The needs for caregiver's family increased with hospital - central care to community - center care. Community center care makes increase of knowledge of the care givers on the patients in house. This study with objective of family - center empowerment model was done on the quality of life and self efficacy of the care - givers of multiple sclerosis patients
Methods: This study is clinical trial with 70 multiple sclerosis patients that enrolled in the multiple sclerosis society of Iran classified in two groups based on random allocation [35 patients care givers case and 35 patients care givers in control group]. The eight sessions of educational program based on educational needs of caregivers done for three months and matured with checklist of self reported for applied of programs
After three months of program done measured quality of life and self efficacy with questionnaire in case and control groups. Data analyzed with deductional satisfaction tests. Results: Results showed no significant difference on the quality of life and self efficacy in two groups of the case and control before intervention based on independent t-test [P?0.05] whereas t-test showed significant difference in two groups of case and control after intervention [P=0.001]. Pairs t-test showed significant difference in increased of the quality of life and self efficacy in care givers of case group after three mounths of intervention [P=0.001] where as t-test showed no significant difference in all above factors in care-givers of control group after three mounts [P>/=0.05]
Conclusion: The care - givers of chronic patients considered high risk tendency for covered disease that tolerates high tension
The interaction such as empowerment based on educational needs for them improves attitudes on the sign of disease changed, behavioral signs and also intervention in low - economic safe and affective method for care - givers of multiple sclerosis patients helps them to manage stress and spiritual tensions and increases quality of life
ABSTRACT
The Meige's syndrome is characterized by the presence of bilateral, symmetrical, dystonic cramp of face muscles or muscles of middle line of body, the respiratory muscles and muscles of throat. The etiology of Meige's syndrome is uncertain. A disorder of basal ganglia function along with perhaps neurotransmitter imbalance [dopamine and acetylcholine] is likely to be the mechanism involved in the causation of this disorder. It is a rare condition and only a limited number of cases have been reported in literature. However, many patients may remain undiscovered or misdiagnosed. Our aim is to introduce a case of 68 years old man who was referred to neurology department with chief complaint of oromandibular dystonia and dysphasia. He was treated successfully with Botulinum toxin